Difference between revisions of "Farebox Recovery Ratio"

From TransitWiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Created page with "The '''farebox recovery ratio''' of a transit system is the percentage of total operating expenses that are made up by passenger fares. The figure is calculated by dividing to...")
 
 
(2 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 8: Line 8:
 
Few major transit systems throughout the world have a farebox-recovery ratio of 100%. Within California, BART has the highest farebox-recovery ratio, and a variety of state laws use this metric to evaluate transit-system performance. For example, in order to qualify for funding under the state Transportation Development Act (TDA), urban transit agencies must maintain a farebox ratio of 20% and rural agencies must maintain a ratio of 10%. Exceptions are sometimes made for new routes or routes that serve disadvantaged populations. In the United States, California ranks seventh for farebox-recovery ratio, at 27.9% (behind New Jersey, New York, Washington D.C., Pennsylvania, Illinois, and Massachusetts). (Baselines 174-5). Within California, the Bay Area has the highest farebox-recovery ratio (60.9% within the MTC MPO area), while the Los Angeles area has among the lowest (21.4%).  
 
Few major transit systems throughout the world have a farebox-recovery ratio of 100%. Within California, BART has the highest farebox-recovery ratio, and a variety of state laws use this metric to evaluate transit-system performance. For example, in order to qualify for funding under the state Transportation Development Act (TDA), urban transit agencies must maintain a farebox ratio of 20% and rural agencies must maintain a ratio of 10%. Exceptions are sometimes made for new routes or routes that serve disadvantaged populations. In the United States, California ranks seventh for farebox-recovery ratio, at 27.9% (behind New Jersey, New York, Washington D.C., Pennsylvania, Illinois, and Massachusetts). (Baselines 174-5). Within California, the Bay Area has the highest farebox-recovery ratio (60.9% within the MTC MPO area), while the Los Angeles area has among the lowest (21.4%).  
  
−
[Insert Wikipedia table here re: Farebox Ratios of major transit systems around the world]
+
 
 +
== Wikipedia Table of Farebox Ratios of Major Transit Systems around the world  ==
 +
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farebox_recovery_ratio Source:Wikipedia]
 +
 
 +
{| class="sortable wikitable toccolours"
 +
|+ Ratio of fares to operating costs for public transport systems (%)
 +
|-
 +
! Continent
 +
! Country
 +
! System
 +
! style="text-align: center" data-sort-type="number" | Ratio
 +
! style="text-align: center" | Fare system
 +
! style="text-align: center" | Fare rate
 +
! style="text-align: center" | Year
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Asia
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Hong Kong
 +
| [[MTR|Hong Kong MTR]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 123.68%<ref name="mtr">{{cite web|url = http://www.mtr.com.hk/archive/corporate/en/investor/annual2016/E133.pdf|title = 2016 Annual Report – Notes to the Consolidated Accounts|accessdate = 24 April 2017|website = MTR Corporation}}</ref>
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[Hong Kong dollar|HK$]]3.5+ (cash)
 +
HK$3.5+ ([[Octopus card]])
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Asia
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Japan
 +
| [[Hankyu Railway|Osaka (Hankyu Railway)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 123%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[Japanese yen|¥]]150+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 1991<ref name="jrtr.net">Dr. Kenichi Shoji, [http://www.jrtr.net/jrtr29/pdf/f12_sho.pdf "Lessons from Japanese Experiences of Roles of Public and Private Sectors in Urban Transport"], ''Japan Railway & Transport Review'', December 2001</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Asia
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Japan
 +
| [[Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau|Osaka (OMTB)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 137%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | ¥200+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 1991<ref name="jrtr.net" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Asia
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Japan
 +
| [[JR East]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 84.39%<ref name=":3">{{cite web|title=JR East Annual Report|url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/e/investor/ar/2016/pdf/ar_2016-15.pdf|website=www.jreast.co.jp|accessdate=24 April 2017}}</ref>
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Asia
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Japan
 +
| [[Tokyo Metro]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 119.05%<ref name=":4">{{cite web|title=Tokyo Metro Corporate Profile 2016|url=http://www.tokyometro.jp/corporate/profile/pdf/corporateprofile.pdf|website=www.tokyometro.jp|accessdate=24 April 2017}}</ref>
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | ¥160+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Asia
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Japan
 +
| [[Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation|Tokyo Toei]] rail services
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 73.82%<ref name=":5">{{cite web|title=Budget|url=https://www.kotsu.metro.tokyo.jp/about/information/closing/pdf/27_closing02.pdf|website=www.kotsu.metro.tokyo.jp|accessdate=25 April 2017|language=Japanese}}</ref>
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Asia
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Taiwan
 +
| [[Taipei Rapid Transit System|Taipei Metro]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 100.14%<ref name="trtc2015">{{cite web|url = http://www.metro.taipei/public/Attachment/69301631453.pdf|title = 2015 Annual Report|website = Taipei Rapid Transit Corporation|accessdate = 24 April 2017}}</ref>
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[New Taiwan dollar|NT$]]20+ (cash)
 +
NT$16+ ([[EasyCard]] or other cards)
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Asia
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Taiwan
 +
| [[Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit|Kaohsiung MRT]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 83.16%<ref name="KMRT">{{cite web|title=KMRT Annual Report 2015|url=https://www.krtco.com.tw/about_us/2015AnnualReport.pdf|website=www.krtco.com.tw|accessdate=24 April 2017}}</ref>
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[New Taiwan dollar|NT$]]20+ (cash)
 +
NT$17+ ([[iPASS (Taiwan)|iPASS]] or other cards)
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Asia
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Singapore
 +
| [[SMRT Corporation|Singapore (SMRT)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 100.76%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[Singapore dollar|SGD]] 1.10+ (cash)
 +
SGD 0.77+ ([[EZ-Link|EZ-Link Card]])
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2017<ref name="SMRT Trains Operations Review 2017">{{cite web|url=http://www.smrt.com.sg/Portals/0/PDFs/Annual%20Reports/Trains%20Operations%20Review%202017_NEW.pdf |format=PDF |title=SMRT Trains Operations Review 2017
 +
|accessdate=22 July 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Asia
 +
| style="text-align: center" | China
 +
| [[Beijing Subway]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 59.5%{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[Chinese yuan|CNY]] 3.00+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2012<ref name="fare-comparison">[http://www.zj.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2012-07/20/c_112487081.htm "杭州地铁拟定票价 “贵”为全国前三 市民喊吃不消" 钱江晚报] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120723140823/http://www.zj.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2012-07/20/c_112487081.htm |date=23 July 2012 }} (in Chinese) 20 July 2012</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Netherlands
 +
| [[Gemeentelijk Vervoerbedrijf|Amsterdam (GVB)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 86.5%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016<ref name="GVB2015">{{cite web
 +
  |url=http://fliphtml5.com/ikoj/blbl
 +
  |title=GVB Annual Report
 +
  |publisher=GVB
 +
  |year=2016
 +
  |page=19
 +
  |format=}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Netherlands
 +
| [[Rotterdamse Elektrische Tram|Rotterdam (RET)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 80.2%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016<ref name="RET2016">{{cite web
 +
  |url=http://retjaarverslag.nl/
 +
  |title=GVB Annual Report
 +
  |publisher=GVB
 +
  |year=2017
 +
  |page=11
 +
  |format=}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Germany
 +
| [[Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe|Berlin]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 70.3%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | EUR 2.60+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2010<ref name="BVG2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.bvg.de/index.php/de/binaries/asset/download/900847/file/1-1|title=Fahrinfo|publisher=Bvg.de|accessdate=20 November 2014}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Belgium
 +
| [[Brussels Intercommunal Transport Company|Brussels]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 35.2%
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2007<ref name="CC2010">{{cite web
 +
  |url=http://www.ccomptes.fr/fr/CC/documents/RPT/Rapport_transports_ferroviaires_regionaux_ile_de_france_novembre_2010.pdf
 +
  |title=Les transports ferroviaires régionaux en Ile-de-france
 +
  |publisher=Cour des Comptes
 +
  |year=2010
 +
  |page=128
 +
  |format=PDF}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Denmark
 +
| [[Copenhagen Metro|Copenhagen]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 52%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 1991<ref name="shoji">{{cite web|url=http://www.mautc.psu.edu/docs/VT-2013-04.pdf|title=Regional Coordination in Public Transportation: Lessons from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Jrtr.net|format=PDF|accessdate=20 May 2015}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | UK
 +
| [[London Underground]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 107.25%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016<ref name=":6">{{cite web|title=Annual Report and Statement of Accounts|url=http://content.tfl.gov.uk/tfl-annual-report-2015-16.pdf|website=tfl.gov.uk|accessdate=24 April 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Spain
 +
| Metropolitan lines of [[Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya|Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 93.18%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2014<ref>{{cite journal |date=11 March 2015 |title=Presentació de resultats 2014 |trans-title=2014 Presentation of Results |url=http://premsa.gencat.cat/pres_fsvp/docs/2015/03/11/11/12/ffd2a0aa-4c16-4125-811d-e2afbcfb13b9.pdf |format=PDF |language=Catalan |publisher=[[Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya]]; [[Government of Catalonia]]. |accessdate=4 July 2015 |pages=12–13 }}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Spain
 +
| [[Madrid Metro|Madrid]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 41.3%
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2007<ref name="CC2010" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Italy
 +
| [[Milan Transportation System|Milan]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 28%
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 1991<ref name="shoji" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Germany
 +
| [[Munich Transport and Tariff Association|Munich]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 42%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 1991<ref name="shoji" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Czech Republic
 +
| [[Prague]] (DPP)
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 53.2%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | CZK 24+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2013<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dpp.cz/download-file/8046/vyrocni_zprava_dpp_2013-cz.pdf |title=Výroční zpráva 2013 |publisher=DPP |format=PDF |pages=124, 126 |quote=Total fares revenue 4 446 808 CZK ... Operating expenditure (excluding cost of transport path) 8 365 447 CZK}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | France
 +
| [[Syndicat des transports d'Île-de-France|Paris (STIF)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 29.7%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based for passes<br />Distance based for tickets
 +
| style="text-align: center" | €1.80
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2014<ref name="STIF2014">{{Citation
 +
  |url=http://stif.org/IMG/pdf/rapport-activite-2014-stif.pdf
 +
  |title=Rapport d'activité, STIF
 +
  |publisher=STIF
 +
  |year=2014
 +
  |page=
 +
  |format=PDF}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Sweden
 +
| [[Storstockholms Lokaltrafik|Stockholm]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 37%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[Swedish krona|SEK]] 44–88 (conductor)<br>SEK 25–50 (SL Access card)<br>Note: Tickets are not sold on buses.
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2007<ref name="CC2010" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Italy
 +
| [[Rome Metro|Rome]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 36%
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2007<ref name="CC2010" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Austria
 +
| [[Vienna U-Bahn|Vienna]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 50%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[Euro|EUR]] 2.00
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 1991<ref name="shoji" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Finland
 +
| [[Helsinki Regional Transport Authority|Helsinki]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 49%<ref name="Helsinki">{{cite web |url=https://www.hsl.fi/en/news/2012/hsls-passenger-numbers-and-ticket-revenue-increased-2011-3326 |title=HSL’s passenger numbers and ticket revenue increased in 2011 |publisher=HSL |date=28 March 2012 |accessdate=30 June 2015}}</ref>
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based; each borough forms a zone. Boroughs with a small area are treated as being part of one of their neighbouring boroughs.
 +
| style="text-align: center" | EUR 2.80–7.00 (cash)<br>EUR 1.90–5.60 (travel card)<br>Transfer free of charge
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2011
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Europe
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Switzerland
 +
| [[Zürich S-Bahn|Zurich]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 60%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[Swiss franc|CHF]] 4.30+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2014<ref name="shoji" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Amtrak]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 71%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance & demand based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2009<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/BlobServer?blobcol=urldata&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobkey=id&blobwhere=1249211436834&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-disposition&blobheadervalue1=attachment;filename=Amtrak_AmtrakAnnualReportRevised_2009.pdf |title=Amtrak Annual Report FY 2009 |publisher=Amtrak |accessdate=20 September 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513050118/http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/BlobServer?blobcol=urldata&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobkey=id&blobwhere=1249211436834&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-disposition&blobheadervalue1=attachment%3Bfilename%3DAmtrak_AmtrakAnnualReportRevised_2009.pdf |archivedate=13 May 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[VIA Rail]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 50.9%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance & demand based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.viarail.ca/sites/all/files/media/pdfs/About_VIA/our-company/annual-reports/2016/2016_Annual%20Report_EN.pdf |title=VIA Rail Annaul Report 2016 |publisher=VIA Rail |accessdate=19 December 2017 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20171220000155/http://www.viarail.ca/sites/all/files/media/pdfs/About_VIA/our-company/annual-reports/2016/2016_Annual%20Report_EN.pdf |archivedate=19 December 2017 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority|Atlanta (MARTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 24.7%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.50|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|url=https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/Transit%20Profiles%202015%20-%20Complete%20Set%20and%20Report%20Year%20Summary%20%28Part%201%20of%203%29.pdf|title=Transit Profiles 2015|last=|first=|date=|website=Federal Transit Administration|access-date=July 24, 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority|Austin (CMTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 12.3%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1|US}}–{{Currency|2.75|US}}, depending on modality
 +
| style="text-align: center" |2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/Transit%20Profiles%202015%20-%20Complete%20Set%20and%20Report%20Year%20Summary%20%28Part%202%20of%203%29.pdf|title=2015 Transit Agency Profiles|last=|first=|date=|website=Federal Transit Administration|access-date=July 24, 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[Brampton Transit|Brampton (BT)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 46%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[C$]]3.25 (cash)
 +
[[C$]]2.65 ([[Presto card|Presto Card]])
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2012<ref name="Brampton">{{cite web|url=http://www.bramptonguardian.com/news/article/1591836--bus-fares-increase-april-1|title=Bus fares increase April 1|publisher=Bramptonguardian.com|accessdate=20 November 2014}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority|Boston (MBTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 30.4%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.65|US}} (cash) / {{Currency|2.1|US}} ([[CharlieCard]])
 +
| style="text-align: center" |2016/17<ref name="Boston">{{cite web|url=https://d3044s2alrsxog.cloudfront.net/sites/default/files/2017-12/fy17-audited-financial-statements.pdf|title=MBTA Audited Financials|publisher=MBTA|accessdate=13 January 2018}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[Calgary Transit|Calgary]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 50%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[C$]]3.00
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2012<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.calgary.ca/cfod/finance/Documents/Action-Plan/Approved/Transportation-Action-Plan-2015-2018-Approved.pdf|publisher=City of Calgary|accessdate=13 January 2018|ref=Calgary2012|title=City of Calgary Transportation Approved 2015-2018 Action Plan}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Chicago Transit Authority|Chicago (CTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 55.2%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.50|US}} (cash and [[Ventra]])
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.transitchicago.com/assets/1/finance_budget/2018_Budget_Book_2017-11-21_FINAL_web_version.pdf|publisher=Chicago Transit Authority|accessdate=13 January 2018|ref=Chicago2016|title=Chicago Transit Authority 2018 Budget Recommendations}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Metra|Chicago (Metra)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 42.9%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.75|US}}+
 +
| style="text-align: center" |2015<ref name=":9" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority|Cleveland (GCRTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 20%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.25|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/50015.pdf|title=The Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (GCRTA) 2014 Annual Agency Profile|last=|first=|date=2014|website=transit.dot.gov|access-date=July 26, 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Dallas Area Rapid Transit|Dallas (DART)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 15.3%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1.75|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016<ref name="dartreferencebookmar17">{{cite web|title=Dallas Area Rapid Transit REFERENCE BOOK|url=https://www.dart.org/about/dartreferencebookmar17.pdf|accessdate=25 May 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Detroit Department of Transportation|Detroit (DDOT)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 15.2%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1.50|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/50119.pdf|title=City of Detroit Department of Transportation (DDOT) 2014 Annual Agency Profile|last=|first=|date=|website=transit.dot.gov|access-date=July 24, 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[Edmonton Transit System|Edmonton (ETS)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 39.4%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[C$]]3.00
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2007<ref>[http://www.edmonton.ca/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_0_280_218_0_43/http%3B/CMSServer/COEWeb/getting+around/about+ets/2007+ETS+Operating+Budget.htm City of Edmonton<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Capital Area Transit (Harrisburg)|Harrisburg, PA (CAT)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 17.1%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1.75|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015<ref name=":9" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Las Vegas Monorail]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 100%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|5|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" |2015<ref name=":10">{{Cite web|url=https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/Transit%20Profiles%202015%20-%20Complete%20Set%20and%20Report%20Year%20Summary%20%28Part%203%20of%203%29.pdf|title=2015 National Transit Profiles|last=|first=|date=|website=Federal Transit Administration|access-date=July 24, 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Long Island Rail Road|Long Island (MTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 50.0%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|5|US}}+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2012<ref name="ntdprogram1">[http://www.ntdprogram.gov/ntdprogram/pubs/top_profiles/2012/Transit%20Profiles%20Top%2050%20Agencies.pdf]  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501083330/http://www.ntdprogram.gov/ntdprogram/pubs/top_profiles/2012/Transit%20Profiles%20Top%2050%20Agencies.pdf|date=1 May 2015}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority|Los Angeles (LACMTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" |25.5%
 +
| style="text-align: center" |Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1.75|US}}, with discounts for seniors, disabled, students
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.metro.net/riding/fares/|title = Metro, Fares|date = |accessdate = 10 March 2015|website = Metro.net|publisher = Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro)|last = |first = }}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Maryland Transit Administration|Maryland]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 23.1%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Variable
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1.60|US}}–{{Currency|11|US}}, depending on distance & modality
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2012<ref name="ntdprogram1" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Miami-Dade Transit|Miami]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 23%
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" |2015<ref name=":9" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Metro Transit (Minnesota)|Minneapolis – St. Paul]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 25.2%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate with rush hour and express surcharges
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1.75|US}} to {{Currency|3|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" |2015<ref name=":9" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[MiWay|Mississauga (MiWay)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 46%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[C$]]3.25
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2011<ref name="Canada2011">[http://www.mississauga.ca/file/COM/F2014-2016.Presentation_for_Transit.pdf]  {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630225055/http://www.mississauga.ca/file/COM/F2014-2016.Presentation_for_Transit.pdf |date=30 June 2015 }}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[Société de transport de Montréal|Montreal (STM)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 45.9%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[C$]]3.25
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016<ref>[http://www.stm.info/sites/default/files/affairespubliques/Communiques/stm_rapport_annuel_2016_final.pdf]</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[New York City Transit Authority|New York City MTA]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 37.75%<ref name=":7">{{cite web|title=MTA Consolidated Financial Statements Q3 2016|url=http://web.mta.info/mta/budget/pdf/MTA%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements-Q3%202016%20-%20Final.pdf|accessdate=24 April 2017}}</ref>
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.75|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
|[[NYC Ferry|New York City (NYC Ferry)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 29.41%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat Rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.75|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2017<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://www1.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/234-17/all-aboard-mayor-de-blasio-welcomes-nyc-ferry-boats-new-york-harbor/#/0|title=All Aboard: Mayor de Blasio Welcomes NYC Ferry Boats to New York Harbor|date=2017-04-17|work=The official website of the City of New York|access-date=2017-04-21}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Metro-North Railroad|New York/Connecticut (MTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 36.2%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.25|US}}+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2009 Q1<ref>[http://www.mta.info/mta/ind-finance/month/mnr-ratios.htm Metro-North Railroad Financial Ratios] (March 2009)</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Port Authority Trans-Hudson|New York/New Jersey (PATH)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 41.0%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.75|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015<ref name="railway_age">{{cite journal|date=1 July 2004|title=Farebox recovery: how 14 systems compare|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-120350392.html|journal=Railway Age|accessdate=21 August 2014}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[New Jersey Transit|New Jersey (NJT)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 44%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.25|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/20080.pdf|title=New Jersey Transit Corporation (NJ TRANSIT) 2014 Agency Profile|last=|first=|date=|website=transit.dot.gov|access-date=July 26, 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Lynx (Orlando)|Orlando (Lynx)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 25.0%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" |2015<ref name=":9" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[OC Transpo|Ottawa (OC Transpo)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 45%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[C$]]3.65 (Cash)
 +
[[C$]]3.30 (Tickets)
 +
[[C$]]3.00 (Presto Card)
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2014<ref>http://www.octranspo.com/index.php/about-octranspo/reports</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority|Philadelphia (SEPTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 39.5%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2|US}} (cash) / {{Currency|1.55|US}} (Token) / {{Currency|1|US}} (Transfer)
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015<ref name=":9" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Pierce County Public Transportation Benefit Area Corporation|Pierce County, WA]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 29.6%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015<ref name=":9" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Port Authority Transit Corporation|Philadelphia/New Jersey (PATCO)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" |49.4%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1.4|US}}+
 +
| style="text-align: center" |2015<ref name=":9" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Trimet|Portland Metro Area (TriMet)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 31.5%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.50|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2012<ref>[http://trimet.org/alerts/farechanges.htm TriMet Fare Charges] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024232823/http://www.trimet.org/alerts/farechanges.htm |date=24 October 2012 }} Retrieved 12 November 2012</ref>2015<ref name=":9" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[King County Metro|Greater Seattle Area (King County Metro)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 30.1%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone and peak based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.50|US}}+<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kingcounty.gov/depts/transportation/metro/fares-orca/what-to-pay.aspx|title=What to pay - Fares & ORCA passes - Metro Transit - King County|website=kingcounty.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-06-24}}</ref>
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016<ref>[http://metro.kingcounty.gov/am/reports/annual-measures/financial.html King County Metro Accountability Center - Financial], Retrieved 24 Jun 2017</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Sound Transit|Puget Sound Region (Sound Transit)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 41.5% <!-- 2017 budget: $88 milllion in farebox revenue, $299,348,000 in transit operating -->
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone & distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.75|US}}+ (Bus)<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.soundtransit.org/Fares-and-Passes|title=Sound Transit - Fares & Passes|last=|first=|access-date=2017-06-24}}</ref>
 +
{{Currency|2.25|US}}+ (Light Rail)<ref name=":2" />
 +
 
 +
{{Currency|1.75|US}}+ (Commuter Rail)<ref name=":2" />
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2017<ref>[https://www.soundtransit.org/sites/default/files/sound-transit-adopted-2017-budget.pdf Sound Transit 2017 Adopted Budget]</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[Réseau de transport de la Capitale|Quebec City (RTC)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 39%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[C$]]3.00
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2011<ref name="Canada2011" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[VIA Metropolitan Transit|San Antonio (VIA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 12.8%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1.20|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" |2015<ref name=":9" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[San Diego Metropolitan Transit System|San Diego MTS]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 40.6%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.50|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" |2015<ref name=":10" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Bay Area Rapid Transit|San Francisco Bay Area (BART)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" |80.0%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1.95|US}}+
 +
| style="text-align: center" |2015<ref name=":10" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
|[[Oakland Airport Connector]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 96%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|6|US}}
 +
|2015/2016<ref name="Oakland Airport Connector">{{cite news|last1=Baldassari|first1=Erin|title=BART’s Oakland Airport Connector losing money; Uber, Lyft to blame?|url=http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2016/11/27/barts-oakland-airport-connector-losing-money-uber-lyft-to-blame/|accessdate=29 November 2016|publisher=East Bay Times|date=27 November 2016}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Caltrain|San Francisco Bay Area (Caltrain)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 63%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|3.75|US}}+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.caltrain.com/Assets/__Agendas+and+Minutes/JPB/Board+of+Directors/Presentations/2015/2015-05-07+JPB+Preliminary+FY2016+Operating+Budget.pdf|title=Preliminary FY2016 Operating Budget|publisher=Caltrain.com|accessdate=16 July 2016}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency|San Francisco Bay Area (SFMTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 35%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.25|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sfmta.com/sites/default/files/pdfs/2016/CA%20San%20Francisco%20Muni%20Trans%20Agy_Rationale_777631.pdf|title=San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency, California; Transit|publisher=San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency|accessdate=16 July 2016}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority|Santa Clara County (VTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 10%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Express surcharges
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1.25|US}} to {{Currency|12|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016<ref>{{cite news|last1=Richards|first1=Gary|title=VTA bus routes due for a shakeup in 2017|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/2016/11/30/vta-bus-routes-due-for-a-shakeup-in-2017/|accessdate=10 December 2016|publisher=The Mercury News|date=30 November 2016}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Southern California Regional Rail Authority]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 41.8%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.50|US}} to {{Currency|27.50|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2017<ref>{{cite web|title=FACTS & NUMBERS|url=https://www.metrolinktrains.com/about/agency/facts--numbers/|website=Metrolink|accessdate=13 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109134854/https://www.metrolinktrains.com/about/agency/facts--numbers/|archivedate=12 November 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Staten Island Railway|Staten Island (MTA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 15.2%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|2.75|US}}
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015<ref name="railway_age" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[Toronto Transit Commission|Toronto (TTC)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 69.9%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[C$]]3.00 (tokens/electronic fare card) $3.25 (cash) Jan 2017<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ttc.ca/Fares_and_passes/Prices/index.jsp|title=Prices|website=ttc.ca|access-date=9 January 2017}}</ref>
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ttc.ca/PDF/About_the_TTC/Annual_Reports/TTC_2016AnnualReport_final_AODA.pdf|title=TTC 2016 Annual Report|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=13 January 2018}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[GO Transit|Toronto, Hamilton and area (GO Transit)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 76.6%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[C$]]5.30+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015/16<ref>[http://www.metrolinx.com/en/aboutus/publications/Annual_Report_2015-2016_EN.pdf Metrolinx Annual Report 2015-2016]</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[TransLink (British Columbia)|Vancouver TransLink]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 55%<ref name=":8">{{cite web|title=2016 Financial Report|url=http://www.translink.ca/-/media/Documents/about_translink/corporate_overview/corporate_reports/quarterly_reports/2016/Financial_and_Performance_Report_31_12_2016.pdf|accessdate=25 April 2017}}</ref>
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[C$]]2.50+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2016
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | USA
 +
| [[Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority|Washington, DC (WMATA)]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 45.4%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance and time based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | {{Currency|1.95|US}}+
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2015<ref name=":9" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | North America
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Canada
 +
| [[Winnipeg Transit|Winnipeg]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 60%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[C$]]2.50
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2011<ref name="Canada2011" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Oceania
 +
| style="text-align: center" | New Zealand
 +
| [[Public transport in Auckland|Auckland]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 44%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone Based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2012/13<ref name="NZ Min of Transport - Accessibility of PT Indicator">{{cite web|url=http://www.transport.govt.nz/ourwork/tmif/accesstothetransportsystem/am023/|title=Access to the transport system : Accessibility of public transport|publisher=Transport.govt.nz|accessdate=20 November 2014}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Oceania
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Australia
 +
| [[ACTION|Canberra]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 21%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[A$]]4.20
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2007<ref>[http://www.parliament.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/380790/65_ACTION_Deane_Bus.pdf]  {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014175230/http://www.parliament.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/380790/65_ACTION_Deane_Bus.pdf |date=14 October 2013 }}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Oceania
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Australia
 +
| [[CityRail|Sydney]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 20%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Distance based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | [[A$]]0.15 / km
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2014<ref>{{cite web|url=http://transportsydney.wordpress.com/2014/01/10/the-cost-of-transport-and-fare-setting/ |title=The cost of transport and fare setting &#124; Transport Sydney |publisher=Transportsydney.wordpress.com |date= |accessdate=20 May 2015}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Oceania
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Australia
 +
| [[Transport in Melbourne|Melbourne]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 30%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone and time based
 +
| style="text-align: center" | From [[A$]]3.76 / hour / zone
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2014<ref>[http://www.bitre.gov.au/publications/2014/files/is_059.pdf]  {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329095354/http://www.bitre.gov.au/publications/2014/files/is_059.pdf |date=29 March 2015 }}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Oceania
 +
| style="text-align: center" | New Zealand
 +
| [[Public transport in Christchurch|Christchurch]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 35%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone Based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2012/13<ref name="NZ Min of Transport - Accessibility of PT Indicator" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Oceania
 +
| style="text-align: center" | New Zealand
 +
| [[Public transport in Dunedin|Dunedin]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 54%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone Based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2012/13<ref name="NZ Min of Transport - Accessibility of PT Indicator" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Oceania
 +
| style="text-align: center" | New Zealand
 +
| [[Hamilton, New Zealand#Road|Hamilton]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 34%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Flat rate
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2012/13<ref name="NZ Min of Transport - Accessibility of PT Indicator" />
 +
|-
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Oceania
 +
| style="text-align: center" | New Zealand
 +
| [[Public transport in Wellington|Wellington]]
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 57%
 +
| style="text-align: center" | Zone Based
 +
| style="text-align: center" |
 +
| style="text-align: center" | 2012/13<ref name="NZ Min of Transport - Accessibility of PT Indicator" />
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
==References==

Latest revision as of 20:40, 18 January 2018

The farebox recovery ratio of a transit system is the percentage of total operating expenses that are made up by passenger fares. The figure is calculated by dividing total passenger-fare revenue by total operating expenses. Farebox-recovery ratio is a key metric used to judge the financial health of transit systems, and varies heavily based on geography, fare structure, and ridership patterns.

Because farebox recovery ratio deals with operating expenses alone rather than total (capital + operating) expenses, the following types of transit systems tend to have higher overall farebox-recovery ratios:

  • Rail-Based (particularly commuter or high-capacity rail)
  • Distance or Zone-Based Fares
  • Asian and European systems

Few major transit systems throughout the world have a farebox-recovery ratio of 100%. Within California, BART has the highest farebox-recovery ratio, and a variety of state laws use this metric to evaluate transit-system performance. For example, in order to qualify for funding under the state Transportation Development Act (TDA), urban transit agencies must maintain a farebox ratio of 20% and rural agencies must maintain a ratio of 10%. Exceptions are sometimes made for new routes or routes that serve disadvantaged populations. In the United States, California ranks seventh for farebox-recovery ratio, at 27.9% (behind New Jersey, New York, Washington D.C., Pennsylvania, Illinois, and Massachusetts). (Baselines 174-5). Within California, the Bay Area has the highest farebox-recovery ratio (60.9% within the MTC MPO area), while the Los Angeles area has among the lowest (21.4%).


Wikipedia Table of Farebox Ratios of Major Transit Systems around the world

Source:Wikipedia

Ratio of fares to operating costs for public transport systems (%)
Continent Country System Ratio Fare system Fare rate Year
Asia Hong Kong Hong Kong MTR 123.68%[1] Distance based HK$3.5+ (cash)

HK$3.5+ (Octopus card)

2016
Asia Japan Osaka (Hankyu Railway) 123% Distance based ¥150+ 1991[2]
Asia Japan Osaka (OMTB) 137% Distance based ¥200+ 1991[2]
Asia Japan JR East 84.39%[3] Distance based 2016
Asia Japan Tokyo Metro 119.05%[4] Distance based ¥160+ 2016
Asia Japan Tokyo Toei rail services 73.82%[5] Distance based 2015
Asia Taiwan Taipei Metro 100.14%[6] Distance based NT$20+ (cash)

NT$16+ (EasyCard or other cards)

2015
Asia Taiwan Kaohsiung MRT 83.16%[7] Distance based NT$20+ (cash)

NT$17+ (iPASS or other cards)

2015
Asia Singapore Singapore (SMRT) 100.76% Distance based SGD 1.10+ (cash)

SGD 0.77+ (EZ-Link Card)

2017[8]
Asia China Beijing Subway 59.5%Template:Citation needed Distance based CNY 3.00+ 2012[9]
Europe Netherlands Amsterdam (GVB) 86.5% Distance based 2016[10]
Europe Netherlands Rotterdam (RET) 80.2% Distance based 2016[11]
Europe Germany Berlin 70.3% Zone based EUR 2.60+ 2010[12]
Europe Belgium Brussels 35.2% 2007[13]
Europe Denmark Copenhagen 52% Zone based 1991[14]
Europe UK London Underground 107.25% Zone based 2016[15]
Europe Spain Metropolitan lines of Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC) 93.18% Zone based 2014[16]
Europe Spain Madrid 41.3% 2007[13]
Europe Italy Milan 28% 1991[14]
Europe Germany Munich 42% Zone based 1991[14]
Europe Czech Republic Prague (DPP) 53.2% Flat rate CZK 24+ 2013[17]
Europe France Paris (STIF) 29.7% Zone based for passes
Distance based for tickets 		€1.80 2014[18]
Europe Sweden Stockholm 37% Zone based SEK 44–88 (conductor)
SEK 25–50 (SL Access card)
Note: Tickets are not sold on buses. 		2007[13]
Europe Italy Rome 36% 2007[13]
Europe Austria Vienna 50% Flat rate EUR 2.00 1991[14]
Europe Finland Helsinki 49%[19] Zone based; each borough forms a zone. Boroughs with a small area are treated as being part of one of their neighbouring boroughs. EUR 2.80–7.00 (cash)
EUR 1.90–5.60 (travel card)
Transfer free of charge 		2011
Europe Switzerland Zurich 60% Zone based CHF 4.30+ 2014[14]
North America USA Amtrak 71% Distance & demand based 2009[20]
North America Canada VIA Rail 50.9% Distance & demand based 2016[21]
North America USA Atlanta (MARTA) 24.7% Flat rate Template:Currency 2015[22]
North America USA Austin (CMTA) 12.3% Flat rate Template:Currency–Template:Currency, depending on modality 2015[23]
North America Canada Brampton (BT) 46% Flat rate C$3.25 (cash)

C$2.65 (Presto Card)

2012[24]
North America USA Boston (MBTA) 30.4% Flat rate Template:Currency (cash) / Template:Currency (CharlieCard) 2016/17[25]
North America Canada Calgary 50% Flat rate C$3.00 2012[26]
North America USA Chicago (CTA) 55.2% Flat rate Template:Currency (cash and Ventra) 2016[27]
North America USA Chicago (Metra) 42.9% Zone based Template:Currency+ 2015[22]
North America USA Cleveland (GCRTA) 20% Flat rate Template:Currency 2014[28]
North America USA Dallas (DART) 15.3% Flat rate Template:Currency 2016[29]
North America USA Detroit (DDOT) 15.2% Flat rate Template:Currency 2014[30]
North America Canada Edmonton (ETS) 39.4% Flat rate C$3.00 2007[31]
North America USA Harrisburg, PA (CAT) 17.1% Flat rate Template:Currency 2015[22]
North America USA Las Vegas Monorail 100% Flat rate Template:Currency 2015[32]
North America USA Long Island (MTA) 50.0% Zone based Template:Currency+ 2012[33]
North America USA Los Angeles (LACMTA) 25.5% Flat rate Template:Currency, with discounts for seniors, disabled, students 2015[34]
North America USA Maryland 23.1% Variable Template:Currency–Template:Currency, depending on distance & modality 2012[33]
North America USA Miami 23% 2015[22]
North America USA Minneapolis – St. Paul 25.2% Flat rate with rush hour and express surcharges Template:Currency to Template:Currency 2015[22]
North America Canada Mississauga (MiWay) 46% Flat rate C$3.25 2011[35]
North America Canada Montreal (STM) 45.9% Flat rate C$3.25 2016[36]
North America USA New York City MTA 37.75%[37] Flat rate Template:Currency 2016
North America USA New York City (NYC Ferry) 29.41% Flat Rate Template:Currency 2017[38]
North America USA New York/Connecticut (MTA) 36.2% Distance based Template:Currency+ 2009 Q1[39]
North America USA New York/New Jersey (PATH) 41.0% Flat rate Template:Currency 2015[40]
North America USA New Jersey (NJT) 44% Distance based Template:Currency 2014[41]
North America USA Orlando (Lynx) 25.0% Flat rate Template:Currency 2015[22]
North America Canada Ottawa (OC Transpo) 45% Flat rate C$3.65 (Cash)

C$3.30 (Tickets) C$3.00 (Presto Card)

2014[42]
North America USA Philadelphia (SEPTA) 39.5% Flat rate Template:Currency (cash) / Template:Currency (Token) / Template:Currency (Transfer) 2015[22]
North America USA Pierce County, WA 29.6% Flat rate Template:Currency 2015[22]
North America USA Philadelphia/New Jersey (PATCO) 49.4% Distance based Template:Currency+ 2015[22]
North America USA Portland Metro Area (TriMet) 31.5% Flat rate Template:Currency 2012[43]2015[22]
North America USA Greater Seattle Area (King County Metro) 30.1% Zone and peak based Template:Currency+[44] 2016[45]
North America USA Puget Sound Region (Sound Transit) 41.5% Zone & distance based Template:Currency+ (Bus)[46]

Template:Currency+ (Light Rail)[46]

Template:Currency+ (Commuter Rail)[46]

2017[47]
North America Canada Quebec City (RTC) 39% Flat rate C$3.00 2011[35]
North America USA San Antonio (VIA) 12.8% Flat rate Template:Currency 2015[22]
North America USA San Diego MTS 40.6% Flat rate Template:Currency 2015[32]
North America USA San Francisco Bay Area (BART) 80.0% Distance based Template:Currency+ 2015[32]
North America USA Oakland Airport Connector 96% Flat rate Template:Currency 2015/2016[48]
North America USA San Francisco Bay Area (Caltrain) 63% Zone based Template:Currency+ 2015[49]
North America USA San Francisco Bay Area (SFMTA) 35% Flat rate Template:Currency 2016[50]
North America USA Santa Clara County (VTA) 10% Express surcharges Template:Currency to Template:Currency 2016[51]
North America USA Southern California Regional Rail Authority 41.8% Distance based Template:Currency to Template:Currency 2017[52]
North America USA Staten Island (MTA) 15.2% Flat rate Template:Currency 2015[40]
North America Canada Toronto (TTC) 69.9% Flat rate C$3.00 (tokens/electronic fare card) $3.25 (cash) Jan 2017[53] 2016[54]
North America Canada Toronto, Hamilton and area (GO Transit) 76.6% Distance based C$5.30+ 2015/16[55]
North America Canada Vancouver TransLink 55%[56] Zone based C$2.50+ 2016
North America USA Washington, DC (WMATA) 45.4% Distance and time based Template:Currency+ 2015[22]
North America Canada Winnipeg 60% Flat rate C$2.50 2011[35]
Oceania New Zealand Auckland 44% Zone Based 2012/13[57]
Oceania Australia Canberra 21% Flat rate A$4.20 2007[58]
Oceania Australia Sydney 20% Distance based A$0.15 / km 2014[59]
Oceania Australia Melbourne 30% Zone and time based From A$3.76 / hour / zone 2014[60]
Oceania New Zealand Christchurch 35% Zone Based 2012/13[57]
Oceania New Zealand Dunedin 54% Zone Based 2012/13[57]
Oceania New Zealand Hamilton 34% Flat rate 2012/13[57]
Oceania New Zealand Wellington 57% Zone Based 2012/13[57]

References

  1. ↑ Template:Cite web
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Dr. Kenichi Shoji, "Lessons from Japanese Experiences of Roles of Public and Private Sectors in Urban Transport", Japan Railway & Transport Review, December 2001
  3. ↑ Template:Cite web
  4. ↑ Template:Cite web
  5. ↑ Template:Cite web
  6. ↑ Template:Cite web
  7. ↑ Template:Cite web
  8. ↑ Template:Cite web
  9. ↑ "杭州地铁拟定票价 “贵”为全国前三 市民喊吃不消" 钱江晚报 Template:Webarchive (in Chinese) 20 July 2012
  10. ↑ Template:Cite web
  11. ↑ Template:Cite web
  12. ↑ Template:Cite web
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 Template:Cite web
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Template:Cite web
  15. ↑ Template:Cite web
  16. ↑ Template:Cite journal
  17. ↑ Template:Cite web
  18. ↑
  19. ↑ Template:Cite web
  20. ↑ Template:Cite web
  21. ↑ Template:Cite web
  22. ↑ 22.00 22.01 22.02 22.03 22.04 22.05 22.06 22.07 22.08 22.09 22.10 22.11 Template:Cite web
  23. ↑ Template:Cite web
  24. ↑ Template:Cite web
  25. ↑ Template:Cite web
  26. ↑ Template:Cite web
  27. ↑ Template:Cite web
  28. ↑ Template:Cite web
  29. ↑ Template:Cite web
  30. ↑ Template:Cite web
  31. ↑ City of Edmonton
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 Template:Cite web
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 [1] Template:Webarchive
  34. ↑ Template:Cite web
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 [2] Template:Webarchive
  36. ↑ [3]
  37. ↑ Template:Cite web
  38. ↑ Template:Cite news
  39. ↑ Metro-North Railroad Financial Ratios (March 2009)
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 Template:Cite journal
  41. ↑ Template:Cite web
  42. ↑ http://www.octranspo.com/index.php/about-octranspo/reports
  43. ↑ TriMet Fare Charges Template:Webarchive Retrieved 12 November 2012
  44. ↑ Template:Cite web
  45. ↑ King County Metro Accountability Center - Financial, Retrieved 24 Jun 2017
  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 46.2 Template:Cite news
  47. ↑ Sound Transit 2017 Adopted Budget
  48. ↑ Template:Cite news
  49. ↑ Template:Cite web
  50. ↑ Template:Cite web
  51. ↑ Template:Cite news
  52. ↑ Template:Cite web
  53. ↑ Template:Cite web
  54. ↑ Template:Cite web
  55. ↑ Metrolinx Annual Report 2015-2016
  56. ↑ Template:Cite web
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 57.2 57.3 57.4 Template:Cite web
  58. ↑ [4] Template:Webarchive
  59. ↑ Template:Cite web
  60. ↑ [5] Template:Webarchive
Retrieved from "https://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Farebox_Recovery_Ratio&oldid=4565"